DRD4 – Short-distance performance in racing pigeons (DRD4: g.129954C>T + g.129456C>T)
The DRD4 gene encodes a dopamine receptor, a molecule involved in certain behavioural functions such as attention, impulse control and cognitive abilities. In racing pigeons, two markers in the DRD4 gene are tested together in relation to race performance. The combined CTCT profile is associated with the highest average scores over short distances, meaning races under 400 km. For long-distance races, the available results do not confirm a significant effect of DRD4 alone, but a prospective study suggests that the DRD4 CCCT profile may be of interest when combined with other favourable markers. This test therefore provides complementary information to guide the selection of breeding birds, especially for short-distance races, without replacing the assessment of the pigeon’s lineage, training and actual race results.